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82.
应用“八五”国家攻关课题“主要工业用材林施肥技术研究”及前人的研究成果,论证和确定了林木有效施肥条件和肥效目标.我国杉木施肥的有效立地指数区间为[10,18];林木施肥的最佳经济效益目标增量与立地指数和单位产出价值成正相关,与不施肥的产量、优势木的平均养分浓度及单位投入价值成反相关;在自然上壤肥力状况下,氮磷钾均为高目标肥效的限制因子. 相似文献
83.
不同密度30年生马尾松林分生产结构与现存量的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
对不同密度30年生马尾松人工林调查的结果表明:平均胸径随立木密度的增大而减少,平均树高受立木密度的影响较小;干、枝、叶和根等林分现存量随立木密度的增大而减少;单位叶量的材积生产力随立木密度的增大呈抛物线状态。 相似文献
84.
Agricultural productivity may be raised in a sustainable way by many different technologies such as biological fertilizers,
soil and water conservation, biodiversity conservation, improved pest control, and changes in land ownership and distribution.
Of these measures, biotechnology applications probably hold the most promise in augmenting conventional agricultural productivity,
because biotechnology applications give not only the need to increase production, but also protect the environment and conserving
natural resources for future generations. Biotechnology applications will have the possibilities to increase productivity
and food availability through better agronomic performance of new varieties, including resistance to pests; rapid multiplication
of disease-free plants; ability to obtain natural plant products using tissue culture; diagnosis of diseases of plants and
livestock; manipulation of reproduction methods increasing the efficiency of breeding; and the provision of incentives for
greater participation by the private sector through investments. Insect resistance through the transfer of a gene for resistance
fromBacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is one of the most advanced biotechnology applications already being commercialized in many parts of the world. This paper
reviews the development and the status ofBt technology and application ofBt transgenic plants in current agriculture, and discusses specific issues related to the transfer of the technology to the
future of genetic engineered trees with emphasis on conifers.
Biography: Tang Wei (1964-), male, Ph. Doctor, Research associate, Department of Biology, Howell Science Complex, East Carelina University,
Greenville, NC 27858-4353, USA.
Responsible editor: Chal Ruihai 相似文献
85.
86.
The North American long-term soil productivity experiment: Findings from the first decade of research 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Robert F. Powers D. Andrew Scott Felipe G. Sanchez Richard A. Voldseth Deborah Page-Dumroese John D. Elioff Douglas M. Stone 《Forest Ecology and Management》2005,220(1-3):31-50
First decade findings on the impacts of organic matter removal and soil compaction are reported for the 26 oldest installations in the nation-wide network of long-term soil productivity sites. Complete removal of surface organic matter led to declines in soil C concentration to 20 cm depth and to reduced nutrient availability. The effect is attributed mainly to the loss of the forest floor. Soil C storage seemed undiminished, but could be explained by bulk density changes following disturbance and to decomposition inputs of organic C from roots remaining from the harvested forest. Biomass removal during harvesting had no influence on forest growth through 10 years. Soil compaction effects depended upon initial bulk density. Soils with densities greater than 1.4 Mg m−3 resisted compaction. Density recovery was slow, particularly on soils with frigid temperature regimes. Forest productivity response to soil compaction depended both on soil texture and the degree of understory competition. Production declined on compacted clay soils, increased on sands, and generally was unaffected if an understory was absent. 相似文献
87.
Measuring the productivity and physical workload of brushcutters within the context of a production-based pay system 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dominic Toupin Luc LeBel Denise Dubeau Daniel Imbeau Luc Bouthillier 《Forest Policy and Economics》2007,9(8):1046-1055
Forestry occupations are known to be physically demanding, and workers are often paid on a piece rate basis. This pay system is largely used in silvicultural treatments such as plantation and vegetation management. An ill adjusted piece rate system may induce workforce recruitment difficulties or increase accident rates and work related illnesses. A study combining work measurement, ergonomics and economics was undertaken to better understand the factors influencing a worker's workload. Mathematical relations between site factors, worker's production and heart rate variation during work have been examined based on time and motion studies of 38 brushsaw operators performing regeneration release (cleaning) in northern forests. Results show that a piece rate pay system that considers only the area treated without taking into account site factors may lead workers to behave in ways that may compromise their health and safety. The use of a pay system that integrates the influence of site factors on work performance is therefore suggested. 相似文献
88.
89.
小议提高用材林森林生产力的途径 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过选用适当的培育方式、遗传改良、林分结构的配置、立地的选择和调控等4个方面的分析论证,论述了寻求提高用材林的森林生产力的途径。 相似文献
90.
Biomass and net primary productivity (NPP) are two important parameters in determining ecosystem carbon pool and carbon sequestration. The biomass storage and NPP in desert shrubland of Artemisia ordosica on Ordos Plateau were investigated with method of harvesting standard size shrub in the growing season (June-October) of 2006. Results indicated that above- and belowground biomass of the same size shrubs showed no significant variation in the growing season (p〉0.1), but annual biomass varied significantly (p〈 0.01). In the A. ordosica community, shrub biomass storage was 699.76-1246.40 g.m^-2 and annual aboveground NPP was 224.09 g-m^-2·a^-1. Moreover, shrub biomass and NPP were closely related with shrub dimensions (cover and height) and could be well predicted by shrub volume using power regression. 相似文献